Marriage is a topic of significant interest among anthropologists, sociologists, and geneticists. Consanguineous marriage is the union between descendants from the same ancestor. This kind of marriage is being practiced since the existence of man. Around the globe, consanguineous marriage is one of the most commonly discussed forms of marriage. Some of the discussion has been religiously politicized, contributing to more conflict, greater polarization, and so on. Contrary to the general opinion that consanguineous marriage is spread in Arabic/Islamic populations, it predates Islam, is quite common, and is practiced worldwide. Certain Arabic/Islamic communities, which form the majority of the population in many Asian and African countries, have a dearth of information. It is essential to understand the social and cultural foundations of this problem to set plans for strategic preventive measures. This study was conducted for this purpose using the PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. The prevalence of consanguineous marriages depends on the characteristics of the population under study. It is more closely linked to nonreligious cultural and historical roots, which can outweigh religious reasons. In conclusion, Islamization/Arabization of consanguineous marriages is a misconception because it is practiced by non-Arabs and non-Muslims. Dramatic changes in Arabic/Muslim societies, such as raising the minimum age of marriage for females and demanding their consent, as well as the consolidation of knowledge among women and the activation of their role in the productive economy, can create more or less open and permissive generations.

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This study aimed to compare Baska Mask laryngeal mask airway (LMA) with classic LMA in terms of clinical performance, ease of use, and patient comfort. The duration of placement was compared between the groups as the primary outcome. Comparisons were also made for the number of LMA entry attempts, hemodynamic parameters. and postoperative complications. The study included 66 patients. The patients were randomly separated into two groups using the sealed-envelope method. After general anesthesia induction, a new LMA (Baska Mask) or a classic LMA was placed in the mouth of all the patients. The heart rate, blood pressure, mean and peak airway pressure, and amount of ventilation leakage were recorded throughout the surgery. The patients were examined for the presence of blood smears after removing the LMA. One hour after the surgery, an anesthetist blinded to the groups asked all the patients whether they had throat pain. The duration of LMA placement was determined as 14.5 s for classic LMA and 16.0 s for new LMA, with no significant difference between the groups (P = 0.117). The number of attempts at entry was similar in both groups (P = 0.741). The mean and peak airway pressure measurements 5 min after LMA placement were statistically significantly different between the groups (P < 0.05), with higher values in the new LMA group. No blood smears were observed in the patients using new LMA, while blood smears were determined in seven patients in the classic LMA group (P = 0.012). The results of this study showed that an adequate, safe open airway was provided throughout the surgery in both groups. Despite no significant difference with respect to ease of use, the Baska Mask was thought to be more advantageous than LMA in terms of patient comfort.

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In ancient times, fire was used for treating various diseases. This study aimed to analyze the history of surgical cautery. A comprehensive search was conducted in international databases, including PubMed, Medical Journal, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Iran Medex, and Scientific Information Database (SID), to access the relevant studies and Persian Medicine text books. Studies reported the use of surgical cautery in different cultures and ancient times. In the past, basic heating tools were used; however, nowadays, electrocautery devices are being used by doctors. Over time, the change in the appearance of the cautery has changed both the energy required to heat the device and the burn hazards of using the device.

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This study aimed to retrospectively determine the frequency and prognosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients who underwent an autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) during the pandemic and to evaluate the effects of possible factors on outcomes. The demographic characteristics, diagnoses, COVID-19 status, vaccination status, COVID-19-related mortality (CRM), non-relapse mortality (NRM), and overall survival (OS) of patients who underwent an ASCT in our center between March 2020 and June 2022 were investigated. Of the 153 patients who underwent ASCT consecutively, 146 patients were included in this study and the rest were excluded. The median age of the 146 patients was 55 years (20–78 years), and the median follow-up time after ASCT was 17.4 months. The common diagnoses were multiple myeloma and other plasma cell disorders (44.5%, n = 65) and Hodgkin lymphoma (15.1%, n = 22). Of the patients, 8.9% (n = 13) had COVID-19 before ASCT and 24.0% (n = 35) after ASCT, and 6.2% (n = 9) had CRM. Unvaccinated patients constituted 25.3% (n = 37). Moreover, 19.2% patients were vaccinated at least once before ASCT n = 28), 44.5% (n = 65) got vaccinated after ASCT, and 11.0% (n = 16) got vaccinated both before and after ASCT. The cumulative CRM after 3, 6, 9, and 12 months was 2.0% [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.04 vs 3.96], 5.0% (95% CI: 1.08–8.92), 6.0% (95% CI: 2.08–9.92), and 6.0% (95% CI: 3.08–10.92), respectively. Patients with ≥3 doses of vaccination had favorable CRM (P = 0.01), NRM (P = 0.001), and OS (P < 0.001). Age ≥60 years, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and a total vaccination dose of ≤2 were independently associated with a poorer OS and higher NRM. A total vaccination dose of ≤2 was an independent factor for increased CRM (hazard ratio: 9.69; 95% CI: 1.20–78.15; P = 0.03). COVID-19 is an important cause of mortality in the post-ASCT period. The mortality risk was higher during the 6 months after ASCT. Those who received at least two doses of the vaccine exhibited improved outcomes. Booster doses after ASCT might have a positive impact.

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Constrained acetabular liners were developed in the present study as a solution to recurrent hip instability in total hip replacement. Although it is especially preferred in patients with cognitive disorders, it is associated with issues such as ring problems and complications related to the acetabular component. In this study, a patient with intellectual disability and constrained ring fracture was presented. During the follow-up stage of the study, it was observed that the insert was fractured.

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Sebaceous carcinoma (SC) of the salivary gland is a very rare tumor mostly occurring in the parotid gland. It is extremely rare in the submandibular gland. Only four cases of submandibular gland SC have been reported worldwide in the medical literature available in English. We presented the first case of submandibular gland SC in our environment. A 55-years-old male farmer presented to our facility with a 10-year history of progressive, painless left submandibular mass that worsened 4 months prior to presentation associated with dysphagia to solid, muffled voice, weight loss, and upper-airway obstruction. He had emergency tracheostomy and biopsy of the left submandibular mass. The histopathological examination of the mass confirmed SC. He was referred for radiotherapy but reportedly died a few weeks later while still preparing for radiation therapy.

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